Process and apparatus for drawing glass



sept. 22, 1925.

, t PROCESS AND APPARATUS FO DRWMG GLSS Sept. 22, 1925. 1,554,848

- H. S. HEICHERT PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR DRAWING GLASS Filed Img.` 9. 1921 6 sheets-neat 2 l Mm k 'Il i! V JMX/wwf 1,554,848 H. HECHERT FRZJGISS AND AFPARATUS FOR DRAWING GLASS Filed Aug. 9, 1921 e sheets-snaai si M fi FMH 1 /NVENMR sept; z2, 1925.

H. s. HElcHz-:RT

PROCESS AND APPARATUS PoR 'DRAWING LAss Filed Aug. 9. 1921 e sheets-sheet 4.

sept. zz, '19z5. 1554348 H. 5. Hales-iam PROCESS AND APARATUS FOR DRAWING GLSS led Aug. 9. 3921 6 Sheets-Shet 5 u l Sept. 22, 1925.

l H. s.'HE|cH:-:RT PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR DRAYING GLASS DTB-....-

preferred type of apparniia HERMAN s. Hmomim,

TELATE G-L-,TS IIL' Be it known tha L Hmmm CHERT, a citizen of the "initof owm :md ai w resident of Pifliioiiigfb7 in thofcomiy oi"4 Allegheny and Sinto of Pennsylvania, hoyo made o new und useful invention in ploveiilents in Piocebos :mii Alfpmritus r Drawing Ghis, oi wbiifh ibo iioilowinq; ii. l specification. v

The invention roiatos no the waiving mi: glass in sheet formE sind bos for its iayinoipal objects the provisiffii o1 'oli-iii; oiroii apparatus ami procoss for of, in drawing, fiobtening mimi oisiv; i with a minimum amount mi 'iii13in oit ibo suiiz'ico of the shoot and ii msiiimom aiiiiouni; of bi'eaimgo during iiiie fiiiboiing om? out ting of the oomiimous bami or ahsisi?. @no onibodimoiit of ibo w'on m is iiosiatci in ibo acoompaiiyiiiil'dimi 1355s,' ii'boioinz Figure l is 'ai veriiczii sooioii through 'tbe l ik. .i sitio elevation o bhe appziisiinus. i? 3 C" a pian View. Figs. 4i, 5 and ii siro dotaio i 'views showing; the booting iiiovioo-iil'hicb applied to give time shoot i-s propo? temperature for bending' opposi'o ibo oor :mors of the drawing drum. Y is im enlarged Sectional View when iiiz'ougb ono i A" fiom'. Tb@

corner of the. i'imwing drum., and Figs. S7 as; iilustifiiv ,with fighi T3 9, 10 and l1 are emailed views of tbe meub aiiboiigb if; may im iwf 0I" woken glass. Thir's drawing-drum is m il VPN-10M @i ill provided on itsfaoos with fiiiiiening stoner" LEC/USB fliligwf rows zi, continuous shooi oi gasb which is 400 ilk@ i' 'i @ii son io.

nimo soo um i; is

ners 'of the drum noting; as the :bowing moans for tbesbeot. The Cifum is pioioi'- ably locatedl in o bemoei ohmnboi' so 'hiiii the sheet 'eacbes tbe drinn at ai oompm'fi- L tively high @minerai-mbo, bui, .not o, fompof ature such that tho zico of tho Si i wiiii'rii, ilii contacts with the iiattoiiiiig' siones will bo Wllfi Wil marred by auch oontun To iiciiitaio ibo drum were bending of the ghisa vi'i'ioio it pas/ms avon. i the oornei's of ho dimm.) boating momo uw employed which oppiy hem, along bo iines of bending; for ai short @time bie-ifi ners of @be drum eiiozip'o ib #o n che bending around sudo of i neueste arms Aare toothed at their ends, with such lilatteiiing stones 17 shown in; enlarged trae;- arms of a lengthsucli that the toothed ends mentary cross section in Fig. 7. These stones are in substantial alignment with the coiaare mounted in metal pans er plates i8 se-`v Vhere 0f 'the drum. 'The 0139121131113, lllll- Cured to the spider framework of the drinn l i l 1 *A vnisinuior the drum is practically all located and preteiahly composed of clay such as outside of the heating chamber which carthat employed in the flattening stones used ries the drum, so as not to be exposed-to3 in the ordinari," window glass *dattening the relativelv high temperature in such ovens. Tliesestones are made with chainbei' and 'any metal parts which -aie the. Spaces' Ai9 ,at their eiids.wliich vends are necessarily located in the chamber are made located at the corners of the drum. These .of heat resisting compositions such as Monel spaces provide for the entrance of the ciit instal, nichrome or chroinel. ting od element .later described, such cutting Referring now to thedrawings, and parolf Velement comprising a0 wire which is tllllalyl-O Figs. l, 2 and 3, l. the drawing pregsed upon the glass where it bends drum supported upon the hollow div Shaft? around the corner ofthediuin opposite the 2. This drum s ShOWn aS' keV-111g Bight Sides slot 19. This wire is electrically heated to and is located in the chamber 3 ahovethe the necessary temperature and travels with 4 glass beth 4, such loath constituting the forethe drum a distance suoli that the wire melts hearth of the heating furnace 5. The Cham-Y its way l"thru the glass, thus severing` the .ber S-is'maintained at a relatively high tein-A sheet. The sidewalls of the chamber 3 are .perature by means of the heat 'from the bath, suitably slotted to. permit of the back and but thisdegree vof heat may be augmented, forth movement of the drum upon its trucks if required, by means oit suitable gas burners or supports 1l. Theback and forth moveplaced within Athe chamber or by ther use of ment of the drum is accomplished by means any desiredsupplementalheatingmeans. Am of the pair of cams 20 shown in Figs. 2 and endless carrier 6 located at the right hand 3 in connection with'the counterweightsl, side of the drum is employed for receiving thecams severing to move the drum tothe the sheets from the drum after. they have left7 and tliecoi'interweights 'serving to move been iattened and severed, and carrying the drum in the reverse direction. The cams them laterally through the chamber 7, in 2O are mounted 'upon a shaft if; driven from which they are partially or entirely anL a suitable source of powernot shown, and

nealed, depending upon thelength o the engage rollers u'pon the upper ends of ythe chamber. The baille walls 8 and 9, dependlevers 23 (Fig. 2), the lower ends of such ing from the arch of the chamber, are delevers being provided with yrellerswhich ensigncd to regulate the distributioneof heat in gage the blocks 24v mounted foi longitudinal the chamber to a certain extent, and serve to adjustment upon the trucks il. The. levers reduce the temperatureto'the right of these 23 are fulcrunied as indicated. 9.5 in Fig. 2, baillesfas compared lwith the temperature'to andthe cams 20 are so designed that as 'the the left thereof, it'being desired tomaintain drum rotates the drawing corner thereof is the temperature in tliat portion of the chammaintained in a vertical plane.

her in which the glass is drawn and bent over from the time 'the corner of the drum first toned and severed. The drive shaft 2 is extended through the prevent swinging the point of draw to the the drum at Aa' .higher temperature than in 'engages the glass sheet until' such corner airivesat the horizontal center line of the thoseportions .where the Y drain, the drum s nioved .to the right to glass is being ilat wall of the furnace andsupported in suitleft, and during theperiod in which this 4able bearings l0, as indicated in Fig. 2. drawing corner nieves from the horizontal These bearing are carried upon truck memcenter line ofthe drum to the point at which bers lll. provided with wheels 12 running the next corner of the drum conics in draw upon the )i beams or sections 13. These ing contact with the sheet, the axis ot the beams comprise the track upon which the drum is moved to the` left to prevent thev drum is moved laterallyfback and forth, as sheet from being bent to the right.

heretofore ieferi'edto, the beams being se- In oiderto drive the drum at uniform cured at their ends to -the Sections, 14 and 15, drawing speed, the spiders 26, as shown in constitutingga part of the super-structure of Fig. 2,. are employed, one spider being 'sethe chamber which surrounds the crown or cured to each end of the drive shaft adarch thereof. 'This superstructure is projacent the bearings l0. The end ot cach vided at its upperend with the transverse Spider arm is provided with a gear seg beams 16, upon which the drive mechanism ment 27 located in. line with a corner of for operating the drum and controlling the the drum. The drive is accomplished h v movement of the various parts associated means of the sprocket chain 2 8 which passes therewith is mounted. around the. gear segments on the spider That is, f

The drum comprises afspider-like fram'eand up over a pair of sprockets carried by work of metal of the general shape shown in the shafts 29 and 22,' mounted VP011 the Fig. 1, which carries upon its periphery the beamsY 16. In Order to. take up the sleek lil ,v idlere beine;

retenes "in the chain, which is required because of vthe beck and :torth movement 'of the drain, lthe idlers 2) are employed, such carried upon the counter "rveighted bell crunk' levers 'lhisoil` rangement insures that the vertical more ment of the glass sheet will be unitornras the sprocket chain is driven at a constant speed and the gear segments 2?' ou the spider firms move in a true vertical plone during; the period in which each corner ot the drum iets es the drawing element. ln order to provide for theheatinfz of the glass sheet along the line upon which it is to be bent, es it approaches the drawing corner of the drum and as it is bent around such corner, the device shown in assembled position in Figs. il. anni 2 and in. detail in lligs. Il. 5 and 6, is employed, such device beingq mounted upon the transverse shaft 32. This ,device lies partially Within the heated chamber, es indicated in Fig. l, and partially Withoutthe chamber, os in- (heated in Fig. 2, and is provided with three heating 'Wires or hands carried Vby three poire et srins, 34k and 35; The porm tion ot the device lying outside the heating;I che-inbox. cfnnprisesthe ineens :tor rotating the device about its axis' 32 and for giving' it its movement vertczilly so thetthe heat-- ing `vvire in contact with the Ljle'ss nley fol low the moveme t ol they .as si; thecorner ofthe drum.

"llhel mee-ns :tor heating device vertically 'comprises the connecting roel shown in Fig. Q (one et each end of the shsclt 32') and the levers 37 opereted` l from the roch she-lt 38. This roel; shaft is provided. internielliete its ende with s lever 39 3), carrying et its'liree end the roller l0 in engagement seid com being mountf-xcl` with the cem/l1 upon the countershult 29.` i f i .Moimted adjacent eeoh yend ot' the shalt 32 is a spieler l2 hevinfg three arms 43 can rying rollers -l-fi :1t-'their ends, the purpose ol this part ol." the mechanism being to rive the shatt- 32 sndits heating; elements e rotary movement corresponding to the more; nient the drum. The rollers all ere mounted upon the pins e5, which are vadopted to engage the sockets 46 carried et intervals by the chain i7 (Fig. 2). This chain mounted 'upon sprockets t8 and 49 at its lower end upper ends respectively, the upper sprocket Li9 beingr keyed to 'the driven couutershait 29. The sprocket 49 hes the seine pit-ch diameter the sprooket on' the drive shaft E22 'which drives the drinn, so that the vertical speed of movenient or'J the sockets 4,6 end of the drawingr corners oi the drum the saine. Guide channels 5!) are provided opposite the spiders 49. such channels being oriented to receive the rollers f4, so -thet'the ends of moving' the erle of the,l

the spiders and the heating` Wires, which are carried by the inner spider arms 33. 34C and 35 (Fig. l), are moved in true vertical planes. The sockets 4:6 are adapted to successivcly engage the pins l5 on the spider arms 43, and move the ends of the arms vertically, the guides 50, which receive the rollers 4A. `insuring that the ends niove in vertical right lines, thus relieving the necessity of hacking up or suplaorling; the chain 47 during;f this period ol? movement.

The spider arms 33, Stand 35 (Fig. l), located inside the heated chamber, are fle'- signed to carryv the heating' Wires 5l. (Fig. 5) and theseY heatingwires are in alignment with the pins onV the outer ends of the spider arms 43 (Fig. 2). The means for rotating the shaft 32 carryingn the heating elements and for moving` such shaft vertically es above described, provides for the engagement of. oneI of the heating: elements with the sheet before this portion ol the glass is engaged by the dra-Wing` corner of the flattening drum. .For instance', 'the corner of the drum marked in Fig'. l first engages' the gloss at the point inerlred ll end moves therewith in e true vertical plaine until the point C is reached, et which time the next corner D reaches the point B. The hosting device is so arranged that during the travel ot the .corner A trom the point l to the point C. which is the 4-"period of bending' oit the sheet, the heorting' element shallfhe jin contactwith the glass. ,llt is else desirable that theheating element should engage the glass before the point B is reached end before the bending commences, so that the initial position ot' the spider arms carrying the' heating ele-- ments is es=indicsted b v the dotted arm position marked E, which brings the heating Wire into engagement with mthe glass at the point marked ll. :in order to provide clearance for the newessary movement of the shaft 32 of the heating' device, the openings 52 in the side Wells of the furnace are provided, and such openings may be covered by slliteble plates fill, as indicated in 2, which are carried by the shaft $2 and turn therewith. l. l

lin order to provide [tension upon the heating' Wires 51 soY that theywill be constantly l'lelclstrsight and in Contact with the gloss sheet throughout its width, the arms 54 are employed, mounted for rockingT move` ment upon the `spider arms 33, 34 and 35 (Fig. 5), and the outer ends oi. those arms are yieltlingly held outward by reason ot' the presser r'ools 55, held yieldingly inward by the springs 56. Current is supplied to the heating Wires from a shoe 57 (Fig. 6), vwhich en Jages Contact rolleria carried by' the rogo 55, the shalt 32 lying in an open space et the center of this Contact rollerl es indicated in llig. 6. The current to the lli] llll

lnentof the heating Wires 5l, such Wires wires passes through the rodst and put through the. arms 5ft to the ends of the heating wires, the spider arms 34s and` 35Kbeing insulated from the armsee The yconstruction at the other end of the {vir-es lends of 1the barsii. so that the blocks can be adjusted in and out and held bythe spring tension imparted by the presser bars.

55. The pivot blocks 63 for the arms 54 are secured to the bars by means of the bolts Gi'and are pivoted upon the transverse bolts 65 carried by the outer 1`spaced ends of the spider arms 33, 34 and 35.v The roclringinovement of the blocks is limited by other bolts 66 carried by the ends of the spider arms, such bolts Working in enlarged openings 67 in the blocks as indicatediri the lower portion of Fig. fl. These blocks are preferably of insulating material and insulating material is'prvided betweenftbe inner ends of the blocks and thendjaeent 'sides ot' the bars 54.

The ends of the rods 55 extend loosely through perforations in the inner ends of the bars 54, so that a rocking movement at this point is permitted.

ln order to insure that the glasssha-ll t smoothly over the stones `oi" the drum from corner to corner, a device is preferably employed for applying' pressure to the upper surface of the Iglass. As indicated in Fig.'

'l, this device is `in the form of a pair of .rollers 68 which are provided with axles which extend at each end through the Wall ot the heating chamber and areconnected by bars 6.9. ylill-rese bars are held inposition by means oi bars 70 pivoted at their lower ends to the framework of the apparatus, as indicatedfat 71. The rollers are oi considerable Weight and bear upon the surface of the glass With suirieient force to flatten it from one corner of the drum to the other; in case this latteiiing' is necessary.

The glass is cut into sections upon the drum, after passingthe flattening device, by

means of the Vmechanism shown in posiJ tion above the druin inlfigs. l and 2, and in detail in Figs. 8, 9, l0 and 1L This device is designed to apply heat to the glass at the corners of the drum`in manner quite similar to that'heretofore described in The' #ed flever 77 (Figs. T2 and l0).

- t ie current which passes thror messen connection with applying ff to the glass for the purpose bending; but in the `present case heating wire is kept in Contact with the gia-ss :for such a pcriml ci' time and heated to such an extent that melt-'s its Way through the glo' ing it5 the heating slots'iSat the corners stones 17 (Figi "il and tion the wire is Withdrawn i `outside oi the side Walls of the heating chamber with a pair of gears Z3 (Figs. 2

and 8 and with a )air of .Guide rollers l es 74. The gears engage the teeth of racks '75, which are bolted to the ends of the spider arms 26, (s shown in. 2. I'Ihese racks are also provided on their outer sides with tracks upon Which the :rollers 74 engage. Each end oi? the shaft is journaled at its end in the hub "(3 of a oountcrweight The lever .in each case is supported by. b: 78 keyed at its upper end to a shatt 79. This shaft en tends transversely of the machine. as indivdioated in Fig. 3, and is rocked by means of a lever arm S0 (lili ll provided at its lower end with This roller is in engagement ni 82 secured upon the main drive 22.

The heating and euttingr of. Wire 'for this device is shown 33 in such wire being maintained under tension by means of the lever members 34e pivoted upon the blocks 35, which in turn are secured to the shaft i2 by means oi? the stud bolts 86. The lever arms Sli are or the tornrindic'atcd in 9 and are pivoted upon bolts 37 extendingV transversely through the hloolrs 35. 'llheend of the lever Si carrying the cutting 'oli` Wire is'pressed to the left by inea-.ns ont the presser rod 33, Whose ri hand end has a. 'reeroclv 'ing connection.v with the lever 84,. as indicated at 89, and is pressed to the means of the spring Current is supplied through the presser bar from the contact roller 91,.'Wliich is secured to the leversor bar 77, as indicated in Fig. il, and has its periphery in engagement with the shoe 92 carried by the rocking arm 93, the construe tion being similar to that heretofore de scribed in connection with the heating` elernent of Figs. 5 and The construction at the other end of the. shaft is the same that above illustrated 'and describe-d and then passes throu the lever 3.- and throngh right by i of ille oonool with n liggz ll, sin i. nioioi'iol, so that i .bow olf-scribed oonnooliionrs l wir@ oi'o oil' Wiio of ilie drinn, i il i son-'1o mi@ of poin inino tho com S9 finds o'i lilo loven@ T8 to iisg, thus; running el'io simil. 7f3 iroiiiios @lie writing oile o' o. backonizii'iiovorso moi/ormoniboing du@ lo iilio of ojivomon; oi in@ Spin? 73 on die WiLli tho l io lille ends f vom, 'I :it which i-Wxl ai position so than (Fin: l) is in ong'zigon'ieni, with l? im 'liiio 'limo-on. il'io Woight i, muy d on iii@ anni 85% om the of tl'io loi/"Gif on izo mov@ to tlio o mont Wili i "l lio l L Wine fiom on dio ooi'in"l .inni-knal ll, nio vos iii@ Smno mito of Spoed ns' tho (li-um any ioeiiion upon its axle 72, fin-o iilo poini; l is i'ooohod. the

..1 by in@ moloii ilf; "way tliiougli the gloss i randy to i iin its Staining nomi;

ing A mou ,i :anios 95 i iloio zii@ lieloi o loy moms of ioi'oi' wlioso onde lo #the i. omniilziioiiioii' 'Qiy liiff; is hold in po on. ogiiinsi folio sui'linoo of 'lio drinn until ioniain o shown in l.

moans provided nl; this point (.:oi'ng'ii'ioing si pan' oi arms 98 plzioocl sido by :515e on@ hom-ing 'hlm ro'ilois 99. Those zinns :me cni'iorl oilio uppoi' and of a ,noir of lol0() kof/'oil ai: lioir lower @ndo lo thoifof'ii slizif lOl. This 'miek shaft is opoiaool :it i i inoi'i'aiio 'From tho minis lik? Secured flzoii ouioi omis o ilio oonuooiing i'ods: f if: Tim upper ends of izlioso oonfoils :ma coimofveizod to ioolfoiwins to i i'ocl slizii m5 (Fig, l Timliiz-B noch anni@ caiiios a roolo anni G, Wliioh is operated :from the, oom l0? mounted upon tvlio drive shaft o' le sip-porotos. When the ari-ivo@ at vfilo position indicated in Fig. E., zlio com opomiool omi 98 moves downward, depositing? 'tho sheet of glass upon tno ooiw'eyoi 6,. The movement of the conveyor oai-ries lio gloss ahead so that tho l'4 (imo 9' can return 'ino im lioldingv position, which position it occupies during the lniijor portion of the revolution of the com 107 and during the poi-imi in which o, new shoot of glass is brought io fullo position indicated in Fig. l., ai; Wliioli time the o'poiation is repozitecl, The conveyor is constructed in parzillol fiigl'is S0 and their :rolloirs lio pass down to tho dotted position shown in Fig. l. muy bo constructed; so as to not' as :i leer, but pi'oieiably ille glass is conducted from this irlian'iboi lo o, loon pliicod opposite `the omis the chamber 7, the step of annealing boing on independent operation which may be can riofl out in :i vorieiy of Ways and with difieiont typos of nppaiotiis.

Briefly stated. the operation of the machine is iis follows: Tho glass in ille bath boing of temperatur@ such as to permit drawing, :i oiii supporgod from one of the ooinoiS oi" the d 'um is clipped inizovthe glass and the roiziion drawing the. glass upward and over the drum, the rotation of the drum being aoconipliolioil Yfrom tho drive slioft 22 by menne; ol zlio spi'ooket chain 28, Which posses; around the on'iis of the spieler arms :ind around the, Sprockets mounted upon the ifraniowoi'li: of the nmoliino.l This gives the drinn :i constant 'Vertical drawing speed and the position of. the drawing comer of the {li'm'n is inzintainoi'i in zi true vertical plone, dii-o lo tho liiivoiiil niovoniont of the drum by wenns of olio como il() noting through the i arms 23, indicated in Fig. 2. By i nonno 'olio :mio of the drum is moved slightly ino tho iight until tho drawing co1`- noi of ibo Lliiun roaches the plano of the limizontzil axis ilioieof, often which the il, mi is moved to the left until tho drmw ings; ooi'noi has completed its movement and tho noni @orner of the drum comes into ooniiot wiih iio shoot and from this point on oonsitnies tho drawing point. During the niovomont of the glass sheet upward and pi'oliminai'y to its engagement with the oornvi' of tho (li-um, the [ionizing element 5l, carried by tho Spiflox on the Shaft 232, engiigos the gloss :1nd softens it along the lino zit which ilie bonding is; to occur, so that by tho timo' iii-iis poi'iion of the glans machos lim corner@ it muy lio rozulily bont. 'Thev4 lioziiiig contant oi' iflxo wir@ continuos lintil the bending oomploiod, iiitoi' which the i'oiiil; )n o tho simili 32 carries tho heating' o'iomon: mvoyiiiorn tho glass intl iii-ingr; the

'.lho oh amber 7 of iiio dimm storied, tous' Stanau,

M0115 along 515555 ajm membeu @mung mi i055, eri Smm-25 l 35: @lp'pagws e the (MJL @EL t-Llmsa piuma;

'mm/Jus@ glass t@ aten such 1 and sex-'efizng Hm j H nwnlber along Mm. dimmi the l'mmhz i3 The pyme/5:5 of Ewing consumi-S in dmwil," mt u pw au mi'. ung drum im l@ m mmm h we 

